Zachary Liu's Portfolio

Zachary Liu's PortfolioZachary Liu's PortfolioZachary Liu's PortfolioZachary Liu's Portfolio
  • HOME
  • ABOUT ME
  • PROJECTS
    • CNC CFRP Filament Winder
    • Bimotal Elevate Dyno V3
    • Head-Aid Crash Sensor
    • Custom Bicycle Dropouts
    • Modular Hub Spacer (MHS)

Zachary Liu's Portfolio

Zachary Liu's PortfolioZachary Liu's PortfolioZachary Liu's Portfolio
  • HOME
  • ABOUT ME
  • PROJECTS
    • CNC CFRP Filament Winder
    • Bimotal Elevate Dyno V3
    • Head-Aid Crash Sensor
    • Custom Bicycle Dropouts
    • Modular Hub Spacer (MHS)

HEAD-AID CRASH SENSOR

Instant SMS Communication Upon Crash

Objectives:

Create a functional prototype for a helmet-mounted crash detection sensor

Transmit GPS coordinates to pre-designated contacts upon crash detection

Background

I am an avid and passionate cyclist (if you couldn't tell from my other projects) and I unfortunately have been hit by a car while riding a bike. Though I escaped with minor injuries, it begged the question: what if? What if I had been seriously injured, what if the driver didn't stick around, what if I couldn't communicate? The Head-Aid prototype is an answer to all these questions and more.

hardware

ESP32 Microcontroller

ESP32 Microcontroller

ESP32 Microcontroller

Chosen for its versatility and was the focus of the semester-long course ME100 - Electronics for IoT.

LSM6DSO IMU

ESP32 Microcontroller

ESP32 Microcontroller

Accelerometer/gyroscope & temperature sensor included in the ME100 electronics kit. For these purposes, the accelerometer is the only useful function, as gyroscope and temperature data would not be helpful for crash detection. 

SIM800L GPRS Module

ESP32 Microcontroller

SIM800L GPRS Module

 Module with GPRS and cellular data connectivity (with SIM card). Useful to send the text message to contacts in the case of a crash and for fetching location data. I chose to purchase this module because a) it was inexpensive and b) covered two needs at once with GPS and SMS capabilities built in. 

breadboard layout

Breadboard contains ESP32, LSM6DSO IMU, SIM800L GPRS Module, external 5V/3A power source, diode, and 100uF capacitor.

 Capacitor across Vin and GND of SIM800L to avoid voltage drops because the module draws large current during SMS delivery and GPRS connection. 

Diode between V_in of IMU and V_out of ESP32 to protect ESP32 from backwards flowing current. 

micropython code

final outcome

It works!

Prototype to product

If  I was to scale this project to be mass produced, there would be a few key upgrades/modifications from the prototype:

Custom PCB

Decrease size and weight massively, eliminate exposed wires, get rid of pins that are not needed.

Rechargeable Battery

Not feasible to bike anywhere tethered by a power cord.

Switch GPRS/GPS Module

a) Use a satellite GPS network to avoid incurring monthly cellular network charges

b) Use a less cumbersome command system than AT commands

c) Draw less current upon connection and sending SMS to prolong battery life

Accelerometer Configuration

Configure accelerometer to wake from sleep upon impact to eliminate constant readings and greatly increase battery life.

Oski Approves!

Copyright © 2025 Zachary Liu - All Rights Reserved.


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